Visiting Cairo, the largest city in Africa
As the largest city in Africa and the capital of Egypt, Cairo sits on the east bank of the Nile. Known as the Victorious, this massive megalopolis holds thousands of years of history. Often called the mother of all cities, it serves as the primary gateway to the Great Pyramids of Giza: Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure, along with the iconic Sphinx that keeps watch over the plateau. The locals are known for their hospitality and welcoming nature, which often surprises first-time visitors.
Between the pyramids, the lively souks, historical monuments, and districts full of energy, the Egyptian capital offers plenty to satisfy anyone interested in history and culture.
The wonder of the Pyramids and the Sphinx of Giza
You cannot visit Cairo without exploring the famous Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx, located just a few miles from the city center in Giza, on the opposite side of the Nile. Considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the pyramids of Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure remain impressive in their scale and mystery. A visit here allows you to step back in time and visualize life in ancient Egypt. History buffs should also check out the site of Saqqara, home to the step pyramid that predates the great pyramids and showcases the architectural evolution of the era.
The Islamic district: a journey into the past
Cairo’s Islamic district is a maze of narrow streets and historic architecture. A highlight is the Citadel of Saladin, built in the 12th century, which houses the stunning Mosque of Muhammad Ali, often called the Alabaster Mosque. With its massive domes and minarets, it dominates the cityscape and offers a wide-reaching view of the area. As you head toward the center, stop by the various mosques and madrasas (religious schools) like the Sultan Hassan Mosque or the Al-Azhar Mosque, which is one of the oldest Islamic universities in the world. This area is the best place to immerse yourself in medieval Islamic architecture.
The Coptic district: the Christian soul of Egypt
Located in Old Cairo, the Coptic district is essential for those interested in Christian history. This historic enclave contains some of the country’s oldest churches, including the Hanging Church, which is perched on the ruins of a Roman fortress. You can also visit the Church of Saints Sergius and Bacchus, which allegedly houses the crypt where Jesus and Mary stayed during their flight into Egypt. Nearby, the Coptic Museum displays art and ancient artifacts that highlight the depth of Christian history in Egypt. This quarter provides a quiet, spiritual contrast to the rest of the city.
Strolling through the souks
Cairo is famous for its traditional markets, and the most iconic is undoubtedly the Khan el-Khalili souk. Founded in the 14th century, this massive market is perfect for wandering through stalls filled with jewelry, spices, souvenirs, and colorful fabrics. Visitors can sit in traditional cafes for a mint tea and soak in the atmosphere. Another great spot is Al-Muizz Street, one of the oldest streets in Cairo, which is lined with shops and historical monuments, making it ideal for a walking tour.
Contemporary culture and views of the Nile
Beyond the historic sites, modern Cairo has much to offer. A Nile cruise is a relaxing way to see the city from a different perspective, especially at sunset. For a panoramic view, the Cairo Tower stands 187 meters (613 feet) tall and offers an unobstructed look at the city and its surroundings. Finally, museums like the Egyptian Museum in Cairo house unparalleled collections, including the treasures of Tutankhamun, which provide a deep dive into ancient Egyptian history.
Cairo, with its blend of ancient monuments, cultural districts, and high energy, is a city that appeals to those who are passionate about history. A visit to this capital, full of contrasts, promises an experience for those looking to immerse themselves in authentic Egypt.
When to go?
The best time to visit Cairo is from late September to mid-May. The summer months are stifling, combining extreme heat with heavy air pollution.
How to get there?
Direct flights connect Cairo to major hubs like Paris via carriers such as Air France and EgyptAir. Expect a flight time of 4.5 to 5 hours, with round-trip tickets ranging from 200€ to 500€ (about $215-$540).
How to get around?
You can use the metro, river shuttles, or taxis, which are everywhere in Cairo. Shout your destination to the driver and negotiate the price before you get in, or ask them to turn on the meter. If you rent a car, be careful, as traffic is intense and driving rules are rarely followed.
Egypt! The most beautiful trip I have ever taken, not just because I was already a fan of the history of the pyramids back in middle school! But for the change of scenery... From the moment we arrived in Cairo, we were immersed in the unique atmosphere and distinct scents. We stopped at the museum to see the statue of Tutankhamun, then headed to Giza to see the Sphinx and the pyramids on camelback. It felt like being in another era.