Visiting the Vauban Dam
In Strasbourg, located in the Bas-Rhin department, you can visit a sluice bridge that spans the Ill River. This dam, constructed in the late 17th century, has been classified as a historic monument since 1971.
History
The French engineer Jacques Tarade was tasked with overseeing the construction of the dam between 1681 and 1688. The plans were drafted by Sébastien le Prestre de Vauban, better known simply as Vauban. This military strategist, architect, and engineer earned his reputation through his service as an engineer for the crown.
In 1870, the Vauban Dam, also known as La Grande Écluse (The Great Sluice), was utilized during the siege of Strasbourg to flood all the neighborhoods located upstream.
In 1966, as part of a heritage rehabilitation effort, the city added a panoramic terrace to the roof. It provides visitors with a clear view of the surrounding area.
Between 2010 and 2012, restoration work was conducted under the leadership of Christophe Bottineau, a chief architect for historic monuments. The project included securing the terraces, adding greenery to the roof, and performing a general refurbishment of the structure.
The Vauban Dam
The building was a response to advancements in military technology, as existing covered bridges no longer provided adequate protection for soldiers during conflicts. A new defensive structure was deemed necessary.
Baptized La Grande Écluse, its purpose was to raise the water level of the Ill River and flood the land situated to the south of the city. In the event of an attack, this would render the area impassable for an enemy. Since the zone was entirely agricultural at the time, the water and soil would quickly turn into a quagmire, making it difficult for troops to advance and impossible to transport artillery. This defensive tactic demonstrated the tactical skill of the engineer.
The dam is now open to visitors. It serves as a compelling historic and military site that provides a great vantage point from its elevated terraces.
The Vauban Dam is a real architectural feat and a must-see when you are visiting the Petite France neighborhood in Strasbourg. There is an indoor walkway (free) that lets you cross the building from one bank of the Ill to the other. Drawbridges, statues from the Strasbourg Cathedral, and gargoyles are all on display throughout the walkway. When access is open (also free), I love going up to the panoramic terrace to take in this beautiful part of Strasbourg. At night, the Vauban Dam is beautifully lit up.