Dam Square at a glance
Dam Square is the undisputed commercial and cultural hub of Amsterdam. Located just a short walk from Central Station, this open space serves as the backdrop for the neoclassical Paleis op de Dam (Royal Palace of Amsterdam), the Gothic Nieuwe Kerk (New Church), and the National Monument commemorating the victims of World War II. It is a high-energy area where you will find a constant mix of tourists and locals navigating the square on foot or by bicycle. Three of the city's busiest streets converge here: Nieuwendijk (New Dike), Kalverstraat (Calf Street), and Damstraat (Dam Street). You will also find the upscale NH Grand Hotel Krasnapolsky and the De Bijenkorf department store, which offers a shopping experience similar to a high-end American luxury retailer.
As the historic cradle of the city, the Dam, which means dam in Dutch, was built on the Amstel river by Count Floris V of Holland in the 13th century. It created Damrak, the country's first harbor, which was filled in 50 years later. In 1655, the rectangular square became the site of the seat of government, where Louis Bonaparte later resided. The location evolved into a center of power and commerce, eventually linked to the new port through an intricate system of canals.
In 1408, the Gothic Nieuwe Kerk was built on the square, modeled after its counterpart in Amiens. Having survived two fires, its facade has changed significantly since its original construction. Today, it remains the site of royal investitures and state funerals for the nation's most prominent figures.
The National Monument was erected in 1956 by architect Jacob Oud. Every May 4th, more than 20,000 people gather here for the national day of remembrance.
Each year, for Nationale Tulpendag (National Tulip Day), a temporary garden is installed directly on Dam Square. If you are in town during this event, it is worth stopping by to see the display.
This central square, typical of big northern cities, is the perfect spot to meet up with friends and get a first glimpse of what awaits in Amsterdam. We visited during the day and the square was really lively, with dancers, street performers, and a lot of people. Remarkable buildings surround the square, making it one of the most famous and important places in the city. A taste of what we are going to discover next.